references.bib

@misc{guerin2021finding,
	title        = {Finding the right skills for the civil service},
	author       = {Guerin, Benoit and Thomas, Alex and Clyne, Rhys and Vira, Suhasini},
	year         = 2021,
	publisher    = {Institute for Government}
}
@article{magyar2022knowledge,
	title        = {What knowledge is essential for the future civil servants?: Report on participation in the Synergia transnational education program for civil servants},
	author       = {Magyar, Zs{\'o}ka},
	year         = 2022,
	journal      = {Scientia et Securitas},
	publisher    = {Akad{\'e}miai Kiad{\'o}},
	volume       = 3,
	number       = 1,
	pages        = {79--85}
}
@article{doi10108015236803201212001677,
	title        = {Knowledge and Skills for Policy Making: Stories from Local Public Managers in Florida},
	author       = {Yahong Zhang, Robert Lee and Kaifeng Yang},
	year         = 2012,
	journal      = {Journal of Public Affairs Education},
	publisher    = {Routledge},
	volume       = 18,
	number       = 1,
	pages        = {183--208},
	doi          = {10.1080/15236803.2012.12001677},
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1080/15236803.2012.12001677},
	eprint       = {https://doi.org/10.1080/15236803.2012.12001677}
}
@misc{noauthor_uk_nodate,
	title        = {{UK} {Civil} {Service} - {Definitions} - {What} is a {Civil} {Servant}?},
	url          = {https://www.civilservant.org.uk/information-definitions.html},
	urldate      = {2024-03-16}
}
@misc{noauthor_civil_2018,
	title        = {Digital, Data and Technology Profession Capability Framework},
	year         = 2018,
	month        = nov,
	journal      = {GOV.UK},
	url          = {https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/civil-service-competency-framework},
	urldate      = {2024-03-16},
	abstract     = {An outline of the skills and behaviours expected of civil servants. Job vacancies will list whether the post uses this framework, or the Success Profiles.},
	language     = {en}
}
@misc{scholtens_life_2019,
	title        = {Life sciences data steward function matrix},
	author       = {Scholtens, Salome and Anbeek, Petronella and Böhmer, Jasmin and Brullemans-Spansier, Mirjam and Geest, Marije van der and Jetten, Mijke and Staiger, Christine and Slouwerhof, Inge and Gelder, Celia W. G. van},
	year         = 2019,
	month        = feb,
	publisher    = {Zenodo},
	doi          = {10.5281/zenodo.2561723},
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2561723},
	note         = {Version Number: V1.1}
}
@misc{luxembourg_skills_nodate,
	title        = {Skills {Expander}: {Upskill} civil servants now to serve citizens better in a digital age},
	author       = {C. Sharff et al., PwC},
	year         = 2020,
	language     = {en}
}
@misc{oecd_skills_2017,
	title        = {Skills for a {High} {Performing} {Civil} {Service}},
	author       = {{OECD}},
	year         = 2017,
	doi          = {https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264280724-en},
	url          = {https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/content/publication/9789264280724-en}
}
@misc{noauthor_future_nodate,
	title        = {The future of the {Civil} {Service}: making the most of scientists and engineers in government},
	author       = {UK Government Office for Science},
	year         = 2013,
	language     = {en}
}
@misc{wilde_success_nodate,
	title        = {Success {Profiles} - {Civil} {Service} {Behaviours}},
	author       = {Wilde, Bob; HM Government},
	year         = 2018,
	language     = {en}
}
@misc{kragh_time4cs_2022,
	title        = {{TIME4CS} {WP4} {Mapping} of citizen science training resources},
	author       = {Kragh, Gitte and Nielsen, Kristian H.},
	year         = 2022,
	month        = jul,
	publisher    = {[object Object]},
	doi          = {10.5281/ZENODO.6840274},
	url          = {https://zenodo.org/record/6840274},
	urldate      = {2024-03-16},
	copyright    = {Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access},
	abstract     = {This dataset was compiled as part of the TIME4CS project, WP4, and lists identified citizen science training resources, as of July 2022. The EU-citizen.science platform provided the basis for mapping CS training in Europe, as the team behind the platform has put considerable effort into compiling, and encouraging the CS community to contribute, CS training resources. Additionally, training courses were identified based on the case studies in WP1, as most universities do not list their courses on the EU-citizen.science platform.},
	language     = {en},
	keywords     = {Citizen science, Training resources}
}
@misc{eoscpilot_2018,
	title        = {EOSCpilot FAIR4S (Skills and Capability Framework)},
	author       = {Angus Whyte at al.},
	year         = 2018,
	url          = {https://eoscpilot.eu/sites/default/files/eoscpilot-d7.3.pdf},
	urldate      = {2024-03-16}
}
@misc{artificial_2022,
	title        = {Artificial Intelligence and Digital Transformation Competencies for Civil Servants},
	author       = {Working Group Report on AI Capacity Building},
	year         = 2022,
	url          = {https://www.broadbandcommission.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Artificial-Intelligence-and-Digital-Transformation-Competencies-for-Civil-Servants.pdf},
	urldate      = {2024-03-16}
}
@article{WENDELBORN2023104337,
	title        = {What is data stewardship? Towards a comprehensive understanding},
	author       = {Christian Wendelborn and Michael Anger and Christoph Schickhardt},
	year         = 2023,
	journal      = {Journal of Biomedical Informatics},
	volume       = 140,
	pages        = 104337,
	doi          = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbi.2023.104337},
	issn         = {1532-0464},
	url          = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1532046423000588},
	keywords     = {Data stewardship, Research data, Responsibilities, Stakeholders, Rights and interests, Ethics},
	abstract     = {Data stewardship is a term that is understood in heterogenous ways. In recent organisational developments and efforts to build infrastructures and hire professional staff for research data management in various scientific fields in Europe, data stewardship is understood as mainly aiming at optimising data management in line with the FAIR principles (findability, accessibility, interoperability, reusability) forpurposes of reuse in the interests of the scientific community and the public. In addition, especially in the health and biomedical sciences some understandings of data stewardship mainly focus on the responsibility to respect the informational rights of data subjects. Following on from these different understandings and from recent developments to include ever more stakeholders in data stewardship, we propose a comprehensive understanding of data stewardship. According to this comprehensive understanding, data stewardship includes responsibilities towards all pertinent stakeholders and to equally consider and respect their legitimate rights and interests in order to build and maintain an efficient, trusted and fair data ecosystem. We also point out some of the practical challenges implied in such a comprehensive understanding.}
}
@misc{eoscfuture_2023,
	title        = {Learning Paths},
	author       = {EOSC Future},
	year         = 2023,
	url          = {https://wiki.eoscfuture.eu/display/PUBLIC/Learning+Paths}
}
@book{doi10277759065,
	title        = {Digital skills for FAIR and Open Science – Report from the EOSC Executive Board Skills and Training Working Group},
	author       = {European Commission and Directorate-General for Research and Innovation and Manola, N and Lazzeri, E and Barker, M and Kuchma, I and Gaillard, V and Stoy, L},
	year         = 2021,
	publisher    = {Publications Office},
	doi          = {doi/10.2777/59065},
	editor       = {Manola, N and Lazzeri, E and Barker, M and Kuchma, I and Gaillard, V and Stoy, L}
}
@article{doi1011770961000617742465,
	title        = {Data science in data librarianship: Core competencies of a data librarian},
	author       = {Alexandre Ribas Semeler and Adilson Luiz Pinto and Helen Beatriz Frota Rozados},
	year         = 2019,
	journal      = {Journal of Librarianship and Information Science},
	volume       = 51,
	number       = 3,
	pages        = {771--780},
	doi          = {10.1177/0961000617742465},
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1177/0961000617742465},
	eprint       = {https://doi.org/10.1177/0961000617742465},
	abstract     = {Currently, data are stored in an always-on condition, and can be globally accessed at any point, by any user. Data librarianship has its origins in the social sciences. In particular, the creation of data services and data archives, in the United Kingdom (Data Archives Services) and in the United States and Canada (Data Library Services), is a key factor for the emergence of data librarianship. The focus of data librarianship nowadays is on the creation of new library services. Data librarians are concerned with the proposition of services for data management and curation in academic libraries and other research organizations. The purpose of this paper is to understand how the complexity of the data can serve as the basis for identifying the technical skills required by data librarians. This essay is systematically divided, first introducing the concepts of data and research data in data librarianship, followed by an overview of data science as a theory, method, and technology to assess data. Next, the identification of the competencies and skills required by data scientists and data librarians are discussed. Our final remarks highlight that data librarians should understand that the complexity and novelty associated with data science praxis. Data science provides new methods and practices for data librarianship. A data librarian need not become a programmer, statistician, or database manager, but should be interested in learning about the languages and programming logic of computers, databases, and information retrieval tools. We believe that numerous kinds of scientific data research provide opportunities for a data librarian to engage with data science.}
}
@book{gup-1915,
	title        = {How to be FAIR with your data},
	author       = {Engelhardt, Claudia and Barthauer, Raisa and Biernacka, Katarzyna and Coffey, Aoife and Cornet, Ronald and Danciu, Alina and Demchenko, Yuri and Downes, Stephen and Erdmann, Christopher and Garbuglia, Federica and Germer, Kerstin and Helbig, Kerstin and Hellström, Margareta and Hettne, Kristina and Hibbert, Dawn and Jetten, Mijke and Karimova, Yulia and Hansen, Karsten Kryger and Kuusniemi, Mari Elisa and Letizia, Viviana and McCutcheon, Valerie and McGillivray, Barbara and Ostrop, Jenny and Petersen, Britta and Petrus, Ana and Reichmann, Stefan and Rettberg, Najla and Reverté, Carmen and Rochlin, Nick and Saenen, Bregt and Schmidt, Birgit and Scholten, Jolien and Shanahan, Hugh and Straube, Armin and Eynden, Veerle Van den and Vandendorpe , Justine and Venkataram, Shanmugasundaram and Vieira, André and Wiljes, Cord and Wuttke, Ulrike and Yeomans, Joanne and Zhou, Biru},
	year         = 2022,
	publisher    = {Universitätsverlag Göttingen},
	address      = {Göttingen},
	doi          = {10.17875/gup2022-1915},
	subtitle     = {A teaching and training handbook for higher education institutions},
	abstract     = {This handbook was written and edited by a group of about 40 collaborators in a series of six book sprints that took place between 1 and 10 June 2021. It aims to support higher education institutions with the practical implementation of content relating to the FAIR principles in their curricula, while also aiding teaching by providing practical material, such as competence profiles, learning outcomes, lesson plans, and supporting information. It incorporates community feedback received during the public consultation which ran from 27 July to 12 September 2021.}
}
@misc{demchenko_d73_2021,
	title        = {D7.3 {FAIR} {Competence} {Framework} for {Higher} {Education} ({Data} {Stewardship} {Professional} {Competence} {Framework})},
	author       = {Demchenko, Yuri and Stoy, Lennart and Engelhardt, Claudia and Gaillard, Vinciane},
	year         = 2021,
	month        = mar,
	publisher    = {Zenodo},
	doi          = {10.5281/zenodo.4562089},
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4562089},
	note         = {Version Number: 1.0 DRAFT}
}
@misc{scholtens_final_2022,
	title        = {Final report: {Towards} {FAIR} data steward as profession for the lifesciences. {Report} of a {ZonMw} funded collaborative approach built on existing expertise},
	author       = {Scholtens, Salome and Jetten, Mijke and Böhmer, Jasmin and Staiger, Christine and Slouwerhof, Inge and Geest, Marije van der and Gelder, Celia W. G. van},
	year         = 2022,
	month        = oct,
	publisher    = {Zenodo},
	doi          = {10.5281/zenodo.7225070},
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7225070},
	note         = {Version Number: 4}
}
@misc{wildgaard_national_2020,
	title        = {National {Coordination} of {Data} {Steward} {Education} in {Denmark}: {Final} report to the {National} {Forum} for {Research} {Data} {Management} ({DM} {Forum})},
	author       = {Wildgaard, Lorna and Vlachos, Evgenios and Nondal, Lars and Larsen, Asger Væring and Svendsen, Michael},
	year         = 2020,
	month        = feb,
	publisher    = {Zenodo},
	doi          = {10.5281/zenodo.3609516},
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3609516},
	note         = {Version Number: 1}
}
@misc{jetten_professionalising_2021,
	title        = {Professionalising data stewardship in the {Netherlands}. {Competences}, training and education. {Dutch} roadmap towards national implementation of {FAIR} data stewardship},
	author       = {Jetten, Mijke and Grootveld, Marjan and Mordant, Annemie and Jansen, Mascha and Bloemers, Margreet and Miedema, Margriet and Gelder, Celia W. G. van},
	year         = 2021,
	month        = mar,
	publisher    = {Zenodo},
	doi          = {10.5281/zenodo.4623713},
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4623713},
	note         = {Version Number: 1.1}
}
@misc{ayres_rda_2022,
	title        = {{RDA} {Professionalising} {Data} {Stewardship} - {Current} {Models} of {Data} {Stewardship}: {Survey} {Report}},
	author       = {Ayres, Bill and Lehtsalu, Liise and Parton, Graham and Száldobágyi, Ádám and Warren, Eleanor and Whyte, Angus and Zimmer, Niklas},
	year         = 2022,
	month        = dec,
	publisher    = {Zenodo},
	doi          = {10.15497/RDA00075},
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.15497/RDA00075},
	note         = {Version Number: 1.0}
}
@misc{verheul_data_2019,
	title        = {Data {Stewardship} on the map: {A} study of tasks and roles in {Dutch} research institutes},
	author       = {Verheul, Ingeborg and Imming, Melanie and Ringerma, Jacquelijn and Mordant, Annemie and Ploeg, Jan-Lucas van der and Pronk, Martine},
	year         = 2019,
	month        = may,
	publisher    = {Zenodo},
	doi          = {10.5281/zenodo.2669150},
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2669150}
}
@misc{wildgaard_rda_2022,
	title        = {{RDA} {Professionalising} {Data} {Stewardship} - {Data} {Stewardship} {Landscape} {Initial} {Report}},
	author       = {Wildgaard, Lorna and Rantasaari, Jukka},
	year         = 2022,
	month        = dec,
	publisher    = {Zenodo},
	doi          = {10.15497/RDA00076},
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.15497/RDA00076},
	note         = {Version Number: 1.0}
}
@misc{EBI_2023,
	title        = {Data stewardship: policy, research and infrastructure},
	shorttitle   = {Data stewardship},
	author       = {EMBL-EBI},
	year         = 2023,
	url          = {https://competency.ebi.ac.uk/framework/datasteward/1.0/competencies},
	urldate      = {2024-03-16},
	abstract     = {The NPOS/ELIXIR Data Stewardship Competency Framework distinguishes three data steward roles (policy, research and infrastructure) and eight competence areas (policy/strategy,  compliance, alignment with FAIR data principles, services, infrastructure, knowledge management, network, data archiving and transferable skills). For each of these three data stewardship role competencies,  KSAs (knowledge, skills and abilities) and learning outcomes (including Bloom’s level) are given.},
	language     = {en}
}
@misc{forstner_ergebnisse_2023,
	title        = {Ergebnisse des {Projektes} {DataStewForschung} unterstützen - {Empfehlungen} für {Data} {Stewardship} an akademischen {Forschungsinstitutionen}},
	author       = {Förstner, Konrad Ulrich and Seidlmayer, Eva and {ZB MED-Informationszentrum Lebenswissenschaften} and Deutschland. Bundesministerium Für Bildung, Wissenschaft and Dierkes, Jens and Depping, Ralf and {Technische Hochschule Köln} and {Universitäts- Und Stadtbibliothek Köln} and Lindstädt, Birte and {Universität Zu Köln} and Hoffmann, Fabian},
	year         = 2023,
	doi          = {10.4126/FRL01-006441397},
	url          = {https://repository.publisso.de/resource/frl:6441397},
	urldate      = {2024-03-16},
	note         = {Medium: application/pdf Publisher: [object Object]},
	language     = {de},
	keywords     = {Wissen}
}

@misc{EOSC_2019,
	title        = {EOSC Glossary},
	author       = {EOSC Glossary Interest Group},
	year         = 2019,
	publisher    = {EOSC Portal},
	url          = {https://eosc-portal.eu/glossary}
}
@misc{EOSCWG_2022,
	title        = {EOSC Target Hierarchy},
	author       = {EOSC WG},
	url          = {https://drive.google.com/file/d/1AMvbC1ZIJXddUXatIPgnZlphbrppSSda/view}
}
@article{Jessani2016,
	title        = {The Human Capital of Knowledge Brokers: An analysis of attributes, capacities and skills of academic teaching and research faculty at Kenyan schools of public health},
	author       = {Jessani, Nasreen and Kennedy, Caitlin and Bennett, Sara},
	year         = 2016,
	month        = {Aug},
	day          = {02},
	journal      = {Health Research Policy and Systems},
	volume       = 14,
	number       = 1,
	pages        = 58,
	doi          = {10.1186/s12961-016-0133-0},
	issn         = {1478-4505},
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s12961-016-0133-0},
	abstract     = {Academic faculty involved in public health teaching and research serve as the link and catalyst for knowledge synthesis and exchange, enabling the flow of information resources, and nurturing relations between `two distinct communities' -- researchers and policymakers -- who would not otherwise have the opportunity to interact. Their role and their characteristics are of particular interest, therefore, in the health research, policy and practice arena, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. We investigated the individual attributes, capacities and skills of academic faculty identified as knowledge brokers (KBs) in schools of public health (SPH) in Kenya with a view to informing organisational policies around the recruitment, retention and development of faculty KBs.}
}
@article{doi1010800894192020171331484,
	title        = {How to Earn the Status of Honest Broker? Scientists’ Roles Facilitating the Political Water Supply Decision-Making Process},
	author       = {Lauri Rantala, Simo Sarkki, Timo P. Karjalainen and Pekka M. Rossi},
	year         = 2017,
	journal      = {Society \& Natural Resources},
	publisher    = {Routledge},
	volume       = 30,
	number       = 10,
	pages        = {1288--1298},
	doi          = {10.1080/08941920.2017.1331484},
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1080/08941920.2017.1331484},
	eprint       = {https://doi.org/10.1080/08941920.2017.1331484}
}
@article{Duncan2020,
	title        = {A close examination of the role and needed expertise of brokers in bridging and building science policy boundaries in environmental decision making},
	author       = {Duncan, Ronlyn and Robson-Williams, Melissa and Edwards, Sarah},
	year         = 2020,
	month        = {Apr},
	day          = 22,
	journal      = {Palgrave Communications},
	volume       = 6,
	number       = 1,
	pages        = 64,
	doi          = {10.1057/s41599-020-0448-x},
	issn         = {2055-1045},
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-020-0448-x},
	abstract     = {Knowledge brokers are often portrayed as neutral intermediaries that act as a necessary conduit between the spheres of science and policy. Conceived largely as a task in packaging, brokers are expected to link knowledge producers and users and objectively translate science into policy-useable knowledge. The research presented in this paper shows how brokering can be far more active and precarious. We present findings from semi-structured interviews with practitioners working with community-based groups involved in collaborative water planning in New Zealand's South Island region of Canterbury. Working in a highly conflicted situation, our brokers had to navigate different knowledges and epistemic practices, highly divergent values and grapple with uncertainties to deliver recommendations for regional authorities to set water quality and quantity limits. Conceiving science and policy as interlinked, mutually constitutive and co-produced at multiple levels, rather than as separate domains, shows how the brokers of this study were not only bridging or blurring science policy boundaries to integrate and translate knowledges. They were also building boundaries between science and policy to foster credibility and legitimacy for themselves as scientists and the knowledge they were brokering. This research identifies further under-explored aspects of brokering expertise, namely, the multiple dimensions of brokering, transdisciplinary skills and expertise, `absorptive' uncertainty management and knowledge translation practices.}
}
@article{Gluckman2021,
	title        = {Brokerage at the science--policy interface: from conceptual framework to practical guidance},
	author       = {Gluckman, Peter D. and Bardsley, Anne and Kaiser, Matthias},
	year         = 2021,
	month        = {Mar},
	day          = 19,
	journal      = {Humanities and Social Sciences Communications},
	volume       = 8,
	number       = 1,
	pages        = 84,
	doi          = {10.1057/s41599-021-00756-3},
	issn         = {2662-9992},
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-021-00756-3},
	abstract     = {This article analyses the conceptual framework of brokerage at the science--policy interface as an important boundary function to support trusted and transparent government decision-making. Policymaking involves a broad range of considerations, but science advice and evidence is critical to help inform decisions. However, mechanisms for requesting and receiving advice from the scientific community are not straightforward, considering that the knowledge needed generally spans multiple disciplines of the natural and social sciences. Once evidence has been appropriately synthesized, there remains the need to ensure an effective and unbiased translation to the policy and political community. The concept of knowledge brokerage revolves around an understanding of the ontologies, cultures and languages of both the policy community and the science community, in order to effectively link the two bidirectionally. In practical terms, this means ensuring that the information needs of the former are understood, and that the type and form of information offered by the latter aligns with those needs. Ideally, knowledge brokers act at the interface between researchers/experts and decision-makers to present evidence in a way that informs policy options but does not determine policy development. Conceptually, negotiating this interface involves acknowledging that values are embedded in the scientific process and evidentiary synthesis, and in particular, in considering the inferential risks inherent in making evidence claims. Brokers are faced with navigating complex policy dynamics and balancing information asymmetries between research providers and users. Building on the conceptual analysis and examination of the nuances of brokerage observed in practice, we propose a set of guidelines to translate the concepts of brokerage to practical application.}
}
@article{Conklin2013,
	title        = {Knowledge brokers in a knowledge network: the case of Seniors Health Research Transfer Network knowledge brokers},
	author       = {Conklin, James and Lusk, Elizabeth and Harris, Megan and Stolee, Paul},
	year         = 2013,
	month        = {Jan},
	day          = {09},
	journal      = {Implementation Science},
	volume       = 8,
	number       = 1,
	pages        = 7,
	doi          = {10.1186/1748-5908-8-7},
	issn         = {1748-5908},
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1186/1748-5908-8-7},
	abstract     = {The purpose of this paper is to describe and reflect on the role of knowledge brokers (KBs) in the Seniors Health Research Transfer Network (SHRTN). The paper reviews the relevant literature on knowledge brokering, and then describes the evolving role of knowledge brokering in this knowledge network.}
}
@misc{RfII2019,
	title        = {Digital competencies – urgently needed! – Recommendations on career and training prospects for the scientific labour market},
	author       = {German Council for Scientific Information Infrastructures (RfII)},
	year         = 2019,
	publisher    = {Göttingen},
	pages        = 56
}
@article{Topp2018,
	title        = {Knowledge management for policy impact: the case of the European Commission's Joint Research Centre},
	author       = {Topp, Lene and Mair, David and Smillie, Laura and Cairney, Paul},
	year         = 2018,
	month        = {Jul},
	day          = 10,
	journal      = {Palgrave Communications},
	volume       = 4,
	number       = 1,
	pages        = 87,
	doi          = {10.1057/s41599-018-0143-3},
	issn         = {2055-1045},
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-018-0143-3},
	abstract     = {The European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) employs over 2000 scientists and seeks to maximise the value and impact of research in the EU policy process. To that end, its Knowledge management for policy (KMP) initiative synthesised the insights of a large amount of interdisciplinary work on the `evidence-policy interface' to promote a new skills and training agenda. It developed this training initially for Commission staff, but many of its insights are relevant to organisations which try to combine research, policymaking, management, and communication skills to improve the value and use of research in policy. We recommend that such organisations should develop teams of researchers, policymakers, and `knowledge brokers' to produce eight key practices: (1) research synthesis, to generate `state of the art' knowledge on a policy problem; (2) management of expert communities, to maximise collaboration; (3) understanding policymaking, to know when and how to present evidence; (4) interpersonal skills, to focus on relationships and interaction; (5) engagement, to include citizens and stakeholders; (6) effective communication of knowledge; (7) monitoring and evaluation, to identify the impact of evidence on policy; and (8) policy advice, to know how to present knowledge effectively and ethically. No one possesses all skills relevant to all these practices. Rather, we recommend that organisations at the evidence-policy interface produce teams of people with different backgrounds, perspectives, and complementary skills.}
}
@article{peng_scientific_2016,
	title        = {Scientific {Stewardship} in the {Open} {Data} and {Big} {Data} {Era}  {Roles} and {Responsibilities} of {Stewards} and {Other} {Major} {Product} {Stakeholders}},
	author       = {Peng, Ge and Ritchey, Nancy A. and Casey, Kenneth S. and Kearns, Edward J. and Prevette, Jeffrey L. and Saunders, Drew and Jones, Philip and Maycock, Tom and Ansari, Steve},
	year         = 2016,
	month        = may,
	journal      = {D-Lib Magazine},
	volume       = 22,
	number       = {5/6},
	doi          = {10.1045/may2016-peng},
	issn         = {1082-9873},
	url          = {http://www.dlib.org/dlib/may16/peng/05peng.html},
	urldate      = {2024-03-16},
	language     = {en}
}
@misc{nykyri2021open,
	title        = {Open research data and methods National policy and executive plan by the higher education and research community for 2021--2025: Policy component 1: Open access to research data},
	author       = {Nykyri, Susanna and P{\"a}{\"a}llysaho, Seliina and Rosti, Tomi and Sunikka, Anne and Neuvonen, Anssi and Kuusniemi, Mari Elisa},
	year         = 2021
}
@book{european2018innovation,
	title        = {Innovation-oriented cooperation of research infrastructures},
	author       = {European Strategy Forum on Research Infrastructures.: Innovation Working Group},
	year         = 2018,
	publisher    = {Universit{\`a} degli studi, Dipartimento di Fisica}
}
@misc{community_turing_2023,
	title        = {The {Turing} {Way}: {A} handbook for reproducible, ethical and collaborative research},
	author       = {Community, The Turing Way},
	year         = 2023,
	month        = feb,
	publisher    = {Zenodo},
	doi          = {10.5281/zenodo.7625728},
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7625728}
}
@misc{noauthor_european_2018,
	title        = {European {Research} {Infrastructures} - {European} {Commission}},
	author       = {EC},
	year         = 2018,
	month        = jul,
	url          = {https://research-and-innovation.ec.europa.eu/strategy/strategy-2020-2024/our-digital-future/european-research-infrastructures_en},
	urldate      = {2024-03-16},
	abstract     = {Initiatives related to research infrastructures including the ESFRI, Group of Senior Officials, EIROforum, sustainability, ERIC, international cooperation.},
	language     = {en}
}
@misc{group_eosc_2021,
	title        = {{EOSC} {Glossary}},
	author       = {Group, EOSC Glossary Interest},
	year         = 2021,
	month        = jan,
	publisher    = {Zenodo},
	doi          = {10.5281/zenodo.4472643},
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4472643},
	note         = {Version Number: December 2020}
}
@misc{oecd_skills_2016,
	title        = {Skills for a {Digital} {World}},
	author       = {{OECD}},
	year         = 2016,
	number       = 250,
	doi          = {https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1787/5jlwz83z3wnw-en},
	url          = {https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/content/paper/5jlwz83z3wnw-en}
}
@misc{prandner_identifying_2023,
	title        = {Identifying and {Updating} {Training} {Needs} in {European} {Research} {Infrastructures} and {Core} {Facilities}},
	author       = {Prandner, Dimitri and Sinner, Philip},
	year         = 2023,
	month        = jan,
	publisher    = {Zenodo},
	doi          = {10.5281/zenodo.7542429},
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7542429}
}
@misc{noauthor_competency_nodate,
	title        = {Competency {Profile} - {RItrain}},
	url          = {http://ritrain.eu/competency-profile},
	urldate      = {2024-03-16},
	file         = {Competency Profile - RItrain:/Users/sonjafiliposka/Zotero/storage/77EG2KUI/competency-profile.html:text/html}
}
@misc{universita_milano_bicocca_executive_nodate,
	title        = {Executive {Masters} in {Management} of {Research} {Infrastructures}},
	author       = {Università Milano Bicocca},
	journal      = {EXECUTIVE MASTERS IN MANAGEMENT OF RESEARCH INFRASTRUCTURES},
	url          = {https://emmri.unimib.it/programme-content/},
	urldate      = {2024-03-16},
	abstract     = {The Masters programme fosters a context-oriented approach. The learning comes from your experience at the programme, combined with your application of the tools and concepts in your own Research Infrastructure. Between modules, you will be involved in several distance-learning assignments},
	language     = {it-IT},
	file         = {Snapshot:/Users/sonjafiliposka/Zotero/storage/LH2BYXZ2/programme-content.html:text/html}
}
@misc{verhulst_wanted_2023,
	title        = {Wanted: {Data} {Stewards} — {Drafting} the {Job} {Specs} for {A} {Re}-imagined {Data} {Stewardship} {Role}},
	shorttitle   = {Wanted},
	author       = {Verhulst, Stefaan G.},
	year         = 2023,
	month        = mar,
	journal      = {Data Stewards Network},
	url          = {https://medium.com/data-stewards-network/wanted-data-stewards-drafting-the-job-specs-for-a-re-imagined-data-stewardship-role-f7cd28a83379},
	urldate      = {2024-03-16},
	abstract     = {What are the required competencies of a data steward? If I want to hire a data steward, what should the job description be?},
	language     = {en}
}
@book{doi102777121253,
	title        = {Providing researchers with the skills and competencies they need to practise Open Science},
	author       = {European Commission and Directorate-General for Research and Innovation and O'Carroll, C and Hyllseth, B and Berg, R and Kohl, U and Kamerlin, C and Brennan, N and O’Neill, G},
	year         = 2017,
	publisher    = {Publications Office},
	doi          = {doi/10.2777/121253}
}
@inproceedings{demchenko2016edison,
	title        = {EDISON data science framework: a foundation for building data science profession for research and industry},
	author       = {Demchenko, Yuri and Belloum, Adam and Los, Wouter and Wiktorski, Tomasz and Manieri, Andrea and Brocks, Holger and Becker, Jana and Heutelbeck, Dominic and Hemmje, Matthias and Brewer, Steve},
	year         = 2016,
	booktitle    = {2016 IEEE international conference on cloud computing technology and science (CloudCom)},
	pages        = {620--626},
	organization = {IEEE}
}
@book{cuadrado2020data,
	title        = {The data science framework: a view from the EDISON project},
	author       = {Cuadrado-Gallego, Juan J and Demchenko, Yuri},
	year         = 2020,
	publisher    = {Springer Nature}
}
@article{norway2021nor,
	title        = {NOR-CAM--A toolbox for recognition and rewards in academic careers},
	author       = {Norway, Universities},
	year         = 2021,
	journal      = {1er juin}
}
@misc{badolato_passport_2021,
	title        = {Passport for {Open} {Science} – {A} {Practical} {Guide} for {PhD} {Students}},
	author       = {Badolato, Anne-Marie},
	year         = 2021,
	month        = sep,
	journal      = {Ouvrir la Science},
	url          = {https://www.ouvrirlascience.fr/passport-for-open-science-a-practical-guide-for-phd-students},
	urldate      = {2024-03-16},
	abstract     = {Ouvrir la Science},
	language     = {en}
}
@misc{gatto_lgatto2017_09_25_openscience_epfl_2017,
	title        = {lgatto/2017\_09\_25\_OpenScience\_EPFL: {EPFL} {Open} {Science} talk slides},
	author       = {Gatto, Laurent},
	year         = 2017,
	month        = sep,
	publisher    = {Zenodo},
	doi          = {10.5281/zenodo.995703},
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.995703}
}
@article{janicko_skills_2022,
	title        = {Skills of {PhD} {Graduates} for {Open} {Science} and {Open} {Innovation}},
	author       = {Janíčko, Michal and Šímová, Zdeňka and McGrath, Denise},
	year         = 2022,
	month        = dec,
	journal      = {Lifelong Learning},
	volume       = 12,
	number       = 2,
	pages        = {119--146},
	doi          = {10.11118/lifele20221202139},
	issn         = {1804-526X, 1805-8868},
	url          = {https://lifelonglearning.mendelu.cz/12/2/0119/},
	urldate      = {2024-03-16},
	note         = {Publisher: Mendel University Press},
	language     = {en},
	file         = {Full Text PDF:/Users/sonjafiliposka/Zotero/storage/X6D2HV8Z/Janíčko et al. - 2022 - Skills of PhD Graduates for Open Science and Open .pdf:application/pdf}
}
@misc{LERU2018,
	title        = {Open Science and its Role in Universities: A Roadmap for Cultural Change},
	author       = {LERU},
	year         = 2018,
	journal      = {Advice Paper no. 24},
	url          = {https://www.leru.org/files/LERU-AP24-Open-Science-full-paper.pdf}
}
@misc{d71_2017,
	title        = {Deliverable D7.1: Skills landscape analysis and competence model},
	author       = {A Whyte & K Ashley},
	year         = 2017,
	publisher    = {EOSCPilot}
}
@article{Kowalczyk2022,
	title        = {What senior academics can do to support reproducible and open research: a short, three-step guide},
	author       = {Kowalczyk, Olivia S. and Lautarescu, Alexandra and Blok, Elisabet and Dall'Aglio, Lorenza and Westwood, Samuel J.},
	year         = 2022,
	month        = {Mar},
	day          = 22,
	journal      = {BMC Research Notes},
	volume       = 15,
	number       = 1,
	pages        = 116,
	doi          = {10.1186/s13104-022-05999-0},
	issn         = {1756-0500},
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-022-05999-0},
	abstract     = {Increasingly, policies are being introduced to reward and recognise open research practices, while the adoption of such practices into research routines is being facilitated by many grassroots initiatives. However, despite this widespread endorsement and support, as well as various efforts led by early career researchers, open research is yet to be widely adopted. For open research to become the norm, initiatives should engage academics from all career stages, particularly senior academics (namely senior lecturers, readers, professors) given their routine involvement in determining the quality of research. Senior academics, however, face unique challenges in implementing policy changes and supporting grassroots initiatives. Given that---like all researchers---senior academics are motivated by self-interest, this paper lays out three feasible steps that senior academics can take to improve the quality and productivity of their research, that also serve to engender open research. These steps include changing (a) hiring criteria, (b) how scholarly outputs are credited, and (c) how we fund and publish in line with open research principles. The guidance we provide is accompanied by material for further reading.}
}
@misc{oberred,
	title        = {{SKILLS} {FRAMEWORK} – {OBERRED}},
	url          = {https://oberred.eu/skills-framework/},
	urldate      = {2024-03-16},
	language     = {en-US},
	file         = {Snapshot:/Users/sonjafiliposka/Zotero/storage/P57LYKB6/skills-framework.html:text/html}
}
@misc{oecd_building_2020,
	title        = {Building digital workforce capacity and skills for data-intensive science},
	author       = {{OECD}},
	year         = 2020,
	number       = 90,
	doi          = {https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1787/e08aa3bb-en},
	url          = {https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/content/paper/e08aa3bb-en}
}
@misc{070c564b-7c09-460f-8456-a0ac00e0526f_vitae_nodate,
	title        = {Vitae {Researcher} {Development} {Framework} and {Researcher} {Development} {Statement}: methodology and validation report 2012 — {Vitae} {Website}},
	shorttitle   = {Vitae {Researcher} {Development} {Framework} and {Researcher} {Development} {Statement}},
	author       = {070c564b-7c09-460f-8456-a0ac00e0526f},
	url          = {https://www.vitae.ac.uk/vitae-publications/rdf-related/researcher-development-framework-rdf-vitae-methodology-report-2012.pdf},
	urldate      = {2024-03-16},
	type         = {File},
	file         = {Snapshot:/Users/sonjafiliposka/Zotero/storage/DIWW42V9/researcher-development-framework-rdf-vitae-methodology-report-2012.html:text/html}
}
@article{avanco_fairifying_2022,
	title        = {{FAIRifying} a scholarly publishing service: {Methodology} based on the {OpenEdition}’s internal {FAIR} audit},
	shorttitle   = {{FAIRifying} a scholarly publishing service},
	author       = {Avanço, Karla and Gingold, Arnaud},
	year         = 2022,
	month        = dec,
	journal      = {The Journal of Electronic Publishing},
	volume       = 25,
	number       = 2,
	doi          = {10.3998/jep.1540},
	issn         = {1080-2711},
	url          = {https://journals.publishing.umich.edu/jep/article/id/1540/},
	urldate      = {2024-03-16},
	note         = {Number: 2 Publisher: Michigan Publishing},
	abstract     = {The FAIR principles (Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability, and Reusability) constitute a guide whose aim is to improve the management of digital scholarly resources. Nevertheless, the literature regarding data services other than data repositories is still scarce.OpenEdition is a digital infrastructure for open scholarly communication in the Social Sciences and Humanities (SSH) that carried out an internal full review to assess the degree of FAIRness of its activities. The objective of this paper is to present the methodology employed by OpenEdition’s team and the recommendations for the FAIRification of a publishing system, and hence, the elements for the FAIR Publishing Toolkit. The FAIR review was conducted in three main phases: preparation, assessment, and result phase, which listed the recommendations for the FAIR principles implementation. The preparation phase gathered the available information to define the perimeter of the FAIR review. It comprised two steps: the landscape study and the exam of actual use cases. The assessment phase contextualized the FAIR principles according to the scholarly publishing context, defined the datasets to be analyzed, carried outa FAIR maturity review per dataset, and analyzed the state of the art of some important FAIR-related elements. The result phase produced the recommendations, organized as priorities and extended objectives. The priority recommendations regard persistent identifiers and licensing policies. The extended objectives focus on authors' information management, controlled vocabularies, machine-actionability, and Digital Management Plans.},
	language     = {eng},
	file         = {Full Text PDF:/Users/sonjafiliposka/Zotero/storage/SEBNC8IM/Avanço and Gingold - 2022 - FAIRifying a scholarly publishing service Methodo.pdf:application/pdf}
}
@article{federer_medical_2020,
	title        = {The {Medical} {Library} {Association} {Data} {Services} {Competency}: a framework for data science and open science skills development},
	shorttitle   = {The {Medical} {Library} {Association} {Data} {Services} {Competency}},
	author       = {Federer, Lisa and Foster, Erin Diane and Glusker, Ann and Henderson, Margaret and Read, Kevin and Zhao, Shirley},
	year         = 2020,
	month        = apr,
	journal      = {Journal of the Medical Library Association},
	volume       = 108,
	number       = 2,
	pages        = {304--309},
	doi          = {10.5195/jmla.2020.909},
	issn         = {1558-9439},
	url          = {https://jmla.pitt.edu/ojs/jmla/article/view/909},
	urldate      = {2024-03-16},
	copyright    = {Copyright (c) 2020 Lisa Federer, Erin Diane Foster, Ann Glusker, Margaret Henderson, Kevin Read, Shirley Zhao},
	note         = {Number: 2},
	abstract     = {Increasingly, users of health and biomedical libraries need assistance with challenges they face in working with their own and others’ data. Librarians have a unique opportunity to provide valuable support and assistance in data science and open science but may need to add to their expertise and skill set to have the most impact. This article describes the rationale for and development of the Medical Library Association Data Services Competency, which outlines a set of five key skills for data services and provides a course of study for gaining these skills.},
	language     = {en},
	keywords     = {Data Literacy, Data Science, Data Services, Open Science},
	file         = {Full Text PDF:/Users/sonjafiliposka/Zotero/storage/CM33RX68/Federer et al. - 2020 - The Medical Library Association Data Services Comp.pdf:application/pdf}
}
@misc{mccaffrey_open_2021,
	title        = {Open {Science} {Skills} {Visualisation} - {Visualisation} des compétences en science ouverte},
	author       = {McCaffrey, Ciara and Meyer, Thorsten and Riera Quintero, Clara and Swiatek, Cecile and Marcerou-Ramel, Nathalie and Gillén, Camilla and Clavel, Karin and Wojciechowska, Anna and Brinken, Helene and Prevoo, Mariëlle and Egerton, Frank},
	year         = 2021,
	month        = apr,
	publisher    = {Zenodo},
	doi          = {10.5281/zenodo.4727592},
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4727592},
	note         = {Version Number: 2}
}
@misc{brinkman_open_2023,
	title        = {Open {Science}: {A} {Practical} {Guide} for {Early}-{Career} {Researchers}},
	author       = {Brinkman, Loek and Dijk, Elly and Jonge, Hans de and Loorbach, Nicole and Rutten, Daan},
	year         = 2023,
	month        = may,
	publisher    = {Zenodo},
	doi          = {10.5281/zenodo.7716153},
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7716153},
	note         = {Version Number: 1.0}
}
@misc{noauthor_developing_nodate,
	title        = {Developing and {Implementing} hands-on training on {Open} {Science} and {Open} {Innovation} for {Early} {Career} {Researchers} {\textbar} {DIOSI} {Project} {\textbar} {Fact} {Sheet} {\textbar} {H2020}},
	journal      = {CORDIS {\textbar} European Commission},
	url          = {https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/101006318},
	urldate      = {2024-03-16},
	abstract     = {The DIOSI project proposes a full cycle concept on doctoral education, from the development of a new joint doctoral educational programme, through the provision of training on Open Science and Open Innovation \& Entrepreneurship for doctoral candidates and early career...},
	language     = {en},
	file         = {Snapshot:/Users/sonjafiliposka/Zotero/storage/8L95YSI4/101006318.html:text/html}
}
@article{kathawalla_easing_2021,
	title        = {Easing {Into} {Open} {Science}: {A} {Guide} for {Graduate} {Students} and {Their} {Advisors}},
	shorttitle   = {Easing {Into} {Open} {Science}},
	author       = {Kathawalla, Ummul-Kiram and Silverstein, Priya and Syed, Moin},
	year         = 2021,
	month        = jan,
	journal      = {Collabra: Psychology},
	volume       = 7,
	number       = 1,
	pages        = 18684,
	doi          = {10.1525/collabra.18684},
	issn         = {2474-7394},
	url          = {https://doi.org/10.1525/collabra.18684},
	urldate      = {2024-03-16},
	abstract     = {This article provides a roadmap to assist graduate students and their advisors to engage in open science practices. We suggest eight open science practices that novice graduate students could begin adopting today. The topics we cover include journal clubs, project workflow, preprints, reproducible code, data sharing, transparent writing, preregistration, and registered reports. To address concerns about not knowing how to engage in open science practices, we provide a difficulty rating of each behavior (easy, medium, difficult), present them in order of suggested adoption, and follow the format of what, why, how, and worries. We give graduate students ideas on how to approach conversations with their advisors/collaborators, ideas on how to integrate open science practices within the graduate school framework, and specific resources on how to engage with each behavior. We emphasize that engaging in open science behaviors need not be an all or nothing approach, but rather graduate students can engage with any number of the behaviors outlined.},
	file         = {Full Text PDF:/Users/sonjafiliposka/Zotero/storage/G7TRT3S8/Kathawalla et al. - 2021 - Easing Into Open Science A Guide for Graduate Stu.pdf:application/pdf}
}
@article{kjelvik2019getting,
  title={Getting messy with authentic data: Exploring the potential of using data from scientific research to support student data literacy},
  author={Kjelvik, Melissa K and Schultheis, Elizabeth H},
  journal={CBE—Life Sciences Education},
  volume={18},
  number={2},
  pages={es2},
  year={2019},
  publisher={Am Soc Cell Biol}
}