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graphgen.c
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// Written by Kuo-Ping Hsu
// Required library: pcre, uthash
// MIT license
#define __DEF_ARRAY__
#include "graphgen.h"
#include <getopt.h>
#define PCRE2_STATIC
#define PCRE2_CODE_UNIT_WIDTH 8
#include <pcre2.h>
#include "uthash/src/uthash.h"
#define MAXSIZE MAXSTRLEN
#define MAXREG 64
#define MAXCHILD 2048
#define MAXLINE 4096
#define DEFAULT_MAXDEPTH 256
#define ASSERT(n) if(!(n)) { printf("assert %s:%d\n", __FILE__, __LINE__); exit(-1); }
char default_xml[] = {
#include "default_xml.inc"
};
char *copyright[] = {
"Call graph generator. " __DATE__ " build, written by Kuoping Hsu, MIT license",
"https://github.com/kuopinghsu/callgraph-gen"
};
int MAXDEPTH = DEFAULT_MAXDEPTH;
int VERBOSE = 0;
int tree = 0;
int vcg = 1;
int frame_pointer = 0;
int recursived = 0;
int indirect = 0;
int stack_info = 0;
int nostack = 0;
int node_count = 0;
int edge_count = 0;
int recursive_count = 0;
int depth = 0;
// specify the ignore list
char ignore_list[4096] = "";
// name of root node
char root_node[MAXSIZE] = "";
char regmap[MAXREG][MAXSIZE];
// xml file
char xmlfile[MAXSIZE] = "";
#define getop(dst, src, ovector, n) snprintf(dst, MAXSIZE, "%.*s", (int)(ovector[2*(n)+1] - ovector[2*(n)]), (src + ovector[2*(n)]))
typedef struct _LIST {
struct _NODE *child;
int attr;
struct _LIST *next;
} LIST;
typedef struct _NODE {
struct _NODE *parent;
struct _LIST *list;
unsigned int pc;
unsigned int prog_size;
unsigned int stack_size;
unsigned int frame_size;
int traversed;
int recursived; // tag for recursive function
char key[MAXSIZE]; // hash key
char name[MAXSIZE]; // function name
int id;
int skip;
int unknown;
int mark;
UT_hash_handle hh; // makes this structure hashable
} NODE;
typedef struct _ROOT {
struct _NODE *node;
char name[MAXSIZE]; // function name
int id;
int frame_size;
UT_hash_handle hh; // makes this structure hashable
} ROOT;
// Traversed NODE
typedef struct _TNODE {
char name[MAXSIZE]; // function name
int id;
int tag;
UT_hash_handle hh; // makes this structure hashable
} TNODE;
typedef struct _STRING {
char name[MAXSIZE]; // function name
UT_hash_handle hh; // makes this structure hashable
} STRING;
typedef struct _RNODE {
char name[MAXSIZE]; // recursived function name
UT_hash_handle hh; // makes this structure hashable
} RNODE;
NODE *graph = NULL; // graph node
ROOT *root = NULL; // root node
TNODE *tnode = NULL; // tag node
STRING *ignore = NULL; // ignore node
RNODE *rnode = NULL; // recursive node
#ifndef __STDC_WANT_LIB_EXT1__
char *strncpy_s(char *dest, size_t n, const char *src, size_t count) {
int len = (int)strnlen(src, count);
if (len > n) len = n;
memcpy(dest, src, len);
dest[len] = 0;
return dest;
}
char *strncat_s(char *dest, size_t dest_n, const char *src, size_t count) {
int len = (int)strnlen(dest, dest_n);
int src_len = 0;
if (len < count) {
src_len = (int)strnlen(src, count-len);
memcpy(&dest[len], src, src_len);
}
dest[len+src_len] = 0;
return dest;
}
#endif
void usage(void) {
int i;
printf(
"%s\n%s\n\n"
"Usage:\n"
" graphgen [-v] [-a target] [-x file] [-r function_name] [-m n]\n"
" [-g | -t] [-c | -d] [-r name] [-i list] [-h]\n"
" asm_file [vcg_file]\n\n"
" --verbose, -v verbose output\n"
" --target name, -a name specify the target (see support target\n"
" below)\n"
" --xml file, -x file read config file\n"
" --root func, -r func specify the root function\n"
" --max n, -m n max depth (default 256)\n"
" --graph, -g generate call graph (default)\n"
" --tree, -t generate call tree\n"
" --nostack, -k do not gather statck size\n"
" --vcg, -c generate vcg graph (default)\n"
" --dot, -d generate dot graph\n"
" --ignore list, -i list ignore list\n"
" --help, -h help\n"
"\n", copyright[0], copyright[1]);
printf("Support target:\n");
for(i=0; i<sizeof_arch; i++) {
printf(" %s\n", _arch[i].name);
}
printf(
"\nExample:\n\n"
" $ graphgen --max 10 --tree --ignore abort,exit infile.s\n"
"\n"
" maximun tree depth is 10, generate a call tree, ignore functions\n"
" abort(), and exit().\n"
"\n"
" $ graphgen --xml mycore.xml --tree --root init infile.s\n"
"\n"
" Use a user-defined processor to generate a call tree from\n"
" init() function.\n"
"\n"
);
}
// strip space
char * trim(char * s) {
static char str[MAXSIZE];
int l = (int)strnlen(s, MAXSIZE-1);
while(isspace((int)s[l - 1])) --l;
while(* s && isspace((int)* s)) { ++s, --l; }
strncpy_s(str, MAXSIZE, s, l);
return str;
}
// return register number
int getreg(const char* name) {
int n = 0;
if (name[0] < '0' || name[0] > '9')
n = -1;
else
n = atoi(name);
return n;
}
// generate ignore list to hash
void generate_ignore(void) {
char *token;
token = strtok(ignore_list, ",");
while (token != NULL) {
char *func_name = trim(token);
if (func_name[0] != 0) {
STRING *str;
if ((str = malloc(sizeof(STRING))) == NULL) {
printf("malloc fail\n");
exit(-1);
}
strncpy_s(str->name, MAXSIZE-1, func_name, MAXSIZE-1);
HASH_ADD_STR(ignore, name, str);
if (VERBOSE > 1)
printf("ignore %s function\n", str->name);
}
token = strtok(NULL, ",");
}
}
NODE *node_dup(NODE *node) {
NODE *s = NULL;
// allocat a node
if ((s = malloc(sizeof(NODE))) == NULL) {
printf("malloc fail\n");
exit(-1);
}
if (node) {
memcpy(s, node, sizeof(NODE));
if (VERBOSE > 1)
printf("node %s (%s) duplicated\n", node->name, node->key);
if (s->list) {
int i;
LIST *list;
LIST *l;
LIST *p;
if ((list = malloc(sizeof(LIST))) == NULL) {
printf("malloc fail\n");
exit(-1);
}
memcpy(list, s->list, sizeof(LIST));
s->list = list;
if (VERBOSE > 1)
printf(" + add child %s (%s)\n", list->child->name, list->child->key);
p = s->list;
l = list->next;
for(i = 0; i<MAXCHILD && l != NULL; i++, l = l->next) {
if ((list = malloc(sizeof(LIST))) == NULL) {
printf("malloc fail\n");
exit(-1);
}
memcpy(list, l, sizeof(LIST));
p->next = list;
p = list;
if (VERBOSE > 1)
printf(" + add child %s (%s)\n", list->child->name, list->child->key);
}
}
} else {
// init the node
memset(s, 0, sizeof(NODE));
}
return s;
}
PCRE2_SIZE* regex(pcre2_code *re,
pcre2_match_data *match_data,
PCRE2_SPTR8 str,
PCRE2_SPTR8 pattern) {
static PCRE2_SIZE* ovector;
PCRE2_SIZE erroroffset;
int rc;
int errornumber;
re = pcre2_compile(
pattern, /* the pattern */
PCRE2_ZERO_TERMINATED, /* indicates pattern is zero-terminated */
0, /* default options */
&errornumber, /* for error number */
&erroroffset, /* for error offset */
NULL); /* use default compile context */
match_data = pcre2_match_data_create_from_pattern(re, NULL);
rc = pcre2_match(
re, /* the compiled pattern */
str, /* the subject string */
strnlen((char*)str, MAXSIZE-1), /* the length of the subject */
0, /* start at offset 0 in the subject */
0, /* default options */
match_data, /* block for storing the result */
NULL); /* use default match context */
ovector = pcre2_get_ovector_pointer(match_data);
return rc < 0 ? NULL : ovector;
}
int preparsing(char *filename) {
FILE *fp;
pcre2_code *re = NULL;
pcre2_match_data *match_data = NULL;
char line[MAXSIZE];
int i, maxcnt;
int target_cur;
if ((fp = fopen(filename, "r")) == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr, "Can not open file %s\n", filename);
return -1;
}
if (VERBOSE > 1) {
printf("============================================================\n"
"== preparsing\n"
"============================================================\n");
}
maxcnt = 0;
target_cur = 0;
for(i = 0; i < sizeof_arch; i++) {
int linecnt = 0;
int matched = 0;
target = i;
while(!feof(fp) && fgets(line, sizeof(line), fp)) {
PCRE2_SIZE* ovector = NULL;
if (linecnt++ > MAXLINE)
break;
// Cross the section
ovector = regex(re, match_data, (PCRE2_SPTR8)line, (PCRE2_SPTR8)
"Disassembly of section.+");
if (ovector != NULL) {
continue;
}
// function name declare
ovector = regex(re, match_data, (PCRE2_SPTR8)line, (PCRE2_SPTR8)
ITEM_FUNC);
if (ovector != NULL) {
matched++;
continue;
}
// get stack size
if (ITEM_STACK[0] != 0) {
ovector = regex(re, match_data, (PCRE2_SPTR8)line, (PCRE2_SPTR8)
ITEM_STACK);
if (ovector != NULL) {
matched++;
if (!MULTILINE) continue;
}
}
// get stack size
if (ITEM_PUSH[0] != 0) {
ovector = regex(re, match_data, (PCRE2_SPTR8)line, (PCRE2_SPTR8)
ITEM_PUSH);
if (ovector != NULL) {
matched++;
if (!MULTILINE) continue;
}
}
// get loadr
if (ITEM_LOADR[0] != 0) {
ovector = regex(re, match_data, (PCRE2_SPTR8)line, (PCRE2_SPTR8)
ITEM_LOADR);
if (ovector != NULL) {
matched++;
if (!MULTILINE) continue;
}
}
// function call
ovector = regex(re, match_data, (PCRE2_SPTR8)line, (PCRE2_SPTR8)
ITEM_CALL);
if (ovector != NULL) {
matched++;
if (!MULTILINE) continue;
}
// indirect function call
ovector = regex(re, match_data, (PCRE2_SPTR8)line, (PCRE2_SPTR8)
ITEM_CALLR);
if (ovector != NULL) {
matched++;
if (!MULTILINE) continue;
}
// jump
if (ITEM_JUMP[0] != 0) {
ovector = regex(re, match_data, (PCRE2_SPTR8)line, (PCRE2_SPTR8)
ITEM_JUMP);
if (ovector != NULL) {
matched++;
if (!MULTILINE) continue;
}
}
}
if (matched > maxcnt) {
maxcnt = matched;
target_cur = i;
}
if (VERBOSE > 1)
printf("%s %d patterns match\n", _arch[i].name, matched);
rewind(fp);
}
pcre2_match_data_free(match_data); /* Release memory used for the match */
pcre2_code_free(re); /* data and the compiled pattern. */
fclose(fp);
return target_cur;
}
int create_graph(char *filename) {
FILE *fp;
pcre2_code *re = NULL;
pcre2_match_data *match_data = NULL;
char line[MAXSIZE];
char buf[MAXSIZE];
char name[MAXSIZE];
int i;
unsigned int PC, stack;
NODE *node = NULL;
NODE *unknown = NULL;
int skip = 0;
if ((fp = fopen(filename, "r")) == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr, "Can not open file %s\n", filename);
return 1;
}
if (VERBOSE > 1) {
printf("\n"
"============================================================\n"
"== graph creating\n"
"============================================================\n");
}
stack = 0;
for(i=0; i<MAXREG; i++) {
regmap[i][0] = 0;
}
while(!feof(fp) && fgets(line, sizeof(line), fp)) {
PCRE2_SIZE* ovector = NULL;
// Cross the section
ovector = regex(re, match_data, (PCRE2_SPTR8)line, (PCRE2_SPTR8)
"Disassembly of section.+");
if (ovector != NULL) {
if (node) {
if (!node->stack_size) node->stack_size = stack;
if (!node->prog_size) node->prog_size = PC - node->pc;
}
continue;
}
// function name declare
ovector = regex(re, match_data, (PCRE2_SPTR8)line, (PCRE2_SPTR8)
ITEM_FUNC);
if (ovector != NULL) {
NODE *s;
char key[MAXSIZE];
getop(buf, line, ovector, 1);
sscanf(buf, "%x", &PC);
getop(name, line, ovector, 2);
// Is a ignore node
{
STRING *str;
HASH_FIND_STR(ignore, name, str);
skip = (str) ? 1 : 0;
}
if (node) {
if (!node->stack_size) node->stack_size = stack;
if (!node->prog_size) node->prog_size = PC - node->pc;
}
snprintf(key, MAXSIZE, "%s:0", name);
// Is node exist
HASH_FIND_STR(graph, key, s);
if (!s) {
// allocat a node
node = node_dup(NULL);
// function name
strncpy_s(node->name, MAXSIZE-1, name, MAXSIZE-1);
snprintf(node->key, MAXSIZE, "%s:0", name);
// add node to hash
HASH_ADD_STR(graph, key, node);
} else {
node = s;
}
node->skip = skip;
node->pc = PC;
stack = 0;
// release the function map of registers
for(i=0; i<MAXREG; i++) {
regmap[i][0] = 0;
}
if (VERBOSE > 1)
printf("add node %s\n", node->name);
continue;
}
// get stack size
if (ITEM_STACK[0] != 0) {
ovector = regex(re, match_data, (PCRE2_SPTR8)line, (PCRE2_SPTR8)
ITEM_STACK);
if (ovector != NULL) {
unsigned int size;
getop(buf, line, ovector, 1);
sscanf(buf, "%x", &PC);
getop(buf, line, ovector, 2);
if (buf[0] == '0' && (buf[1] == 'x' || buf[1] == 'X')) {
sscanf(buf, "%x", &size);
} else {
sscanf(buf, "%u", &size);
}
stack += size;
// update stack size
node->stack_size = stack;
if (!nostack) stack_info = 1;
if (!MULTILINE) continue;
}
}
// get stack size
if (ITEM_PUSH[0] != 0) {
ovector = regex(re, match_data, (PCRE2_SPTR8)line, (PCRE2_SPTR8)
ITEM_PUSH);
if (ovector != NULL) {
int size;
getop(buf, line, ovector, 1);
sscanf(buf, "%x", &PC);
getop(buf, line, ovector, 2);
for(size=4, i = 0; i < MAXSIZE && buf[i] != 0; i++) {
if (buf[i] == ',') size += 4;
}
stack += size;
// update stack size
node->stack_size = stack;
if (!nostack) stack_info = 1;
if (!MULTILINE) continue;
}
}
// get loadr
if (ITEM_LOADR[0] != 0) {
ovector = regex(re, match_data, (PCRE2_SPTR8)line, (PCRE2_SPTR8)
ITEM_LOADR);
if (ovector != NULL) {
int reg;
if (skip) continue;
getop(buf, line, ovector, 1);
sscanf(buf, "%x", &PC);
// register number
getop(buf, line, ovector, 2);
reg = getreg(buf);
// function name
getop(buf, line, ovector, 3);
if (reg >= 0 && reg < MAXREG) {
strncpy_s(regmap[reg], MAXSIZE-1, buf, MAXSIZE-1);
// modify the function name
for(i=0; regmap[reg][i] != 0 && i < MAXSIZE; i++)
if (regmap[reg][i] == '+' || regmap[reg][i] == '-' || regmap[reg][i] == '.') regmap[reg][i] = '_';
}
if (!MULTILINE) continue;
}
}
// function call
ovector = regex(re, match_data, (PCRE2_SPTR8)line, (PCRE2_SPTR8)
ITEM_CALL);
if (ovector == NULL && ITEM_JUMP[0] != 0) { // Jump call
ovector = regex(re, match_data, (PCRE2_SPTR8)line, (PCRE2_SPTR8)
ITEM_JUMP);
}
if (ovector != NULL) {
int i;
NODE *s;
LIST *ptr;
LIST *list;
int stackoff = 0;
char key[MAXSIZE];
if (skip) continue;
getop(buf, line, ovector, 1);
sscanf(buf, "%x", &PC);
getop(buf, line, ovector, 2);
int windows = buf[strnlen(buf, MAXSIZE - 1)-1] - '0';
if (windows >= 0 && windows <= 9) { // digits
stackoff = windows * 4;
}
getop(name, line, ovector, 3);
// modify the function name
for(i=0; i < MAXSIZE && name[i] != 0; i++)
if (name[i] == '+' || name[i] == '-' || name[i] == '.') name[i] = '_';
// recursive checking
if (tree && !strcmp(node->name, name)) {
node->recursived = 1;
recursived = 1;
recursive_count++;
{
RNODE *str = NULL;
HASH_FIND_STR(rnode, name, str);
if (!str) {
printf("Warning: recursive function %s dectect\n", name);
if ((str = malloc(sizeof(RNODE))) == NULL) {
printf("malloc fail\n");
exit(-1);
}
strncpy_s(str->name, MAXSIZE-1, name, MAXSIZE-1);
HASH_ADD_STR(rnode, name, str);
}
}
continue;
}
snprintf(key, MAXSIZE, "%s:0", name);
// Is node exist
HASH_FIND_STR(graph, key, s);
if (!s) {
// allocate a node
s = node_dup(NULL);
// function name
strncpy_s(s->name, MAXSIZE-1, name, MAXSIZE-1);
snprintf(s->key, MAXSIZE, "%s:0", name);
// add node to hash
HASH_ADD_STR(graph, key, s);
if (VERBOSE > 1)
printf("add node %s\n", node->name);
}
s->parent = node;
list = node->list;
if (!list) {
if ((list = malloc(sizeof(LIST))) == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr, "malloc fail\n");
exit(-1);
}
node->list = list;
list->attr = stackoff;
list->next = NULL;
list->child = s;
if (VERBOSE > 1)
printf(" + add child %s\n", s->name);
} else {
int found = 0;
for(i=0; i<MAXCHILD && list->next != NULL; i++) {
if (!strcmp(s->name, list->child->name)) {
found = 1;
break;
}
list = list->next;
}
if (!strcmp(s->name, list->child->name)) {
found = 1;
}
if (!found) {
if ((ptr = malloc(sizeof(LIST))) == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr, "malloc fail\n");
exit(-1);
}
list->next = ptr;
ptr->attr = stackoff;
ptr->next = NULL;
ptr->child = s;
if (VERBOSE > 1)
printf(" + add child %s\n", s->name);
}
if (i == MAXCHILD) {
fprintf(stderr, "Error: out of range for MAXCHILD: %d\n", i);
exit(-1);
}
}
if (!MULTILINE) continue;
}
// indirect function call
ovector = regex(re, match_data, (PCRE2_SPTR8)line, (PCRE2_SPTR8)
ITEM_CALLR);
if (ovector != NULL) {
LIST *ptr;
LIST *list;
int stackoff = 0;
int reg;
if (skip) continue;
getop(buf, line, ovector, 1);
sscanf(buf, "%x", &PC);
getop(buf, line, ovector, 2);
int windows = buf[strnlen(buf, MAXSIZE-1)-1] - '0';
if (windows >= 0 && windows <= 9) { // digits
stackoff = windows * 4;
}
getop(buf, line, ovector, 3);
reg = getreg(buf);
if (reg >= 0 && regmap[reg][0]) {
NODE *s;
LIST *ptr;
LIST *list;
char key[MAXSIZE];
if (VERBOSE > 1)
printf("Indirect function call '%s' detected\n", regmap[reg]);
// recursive checking
if (tree && !strcmp(node->name, regmap[reg])) {
node->recursived = 1;
recursived = 1;
recursive_count++;
{
RNODE *str = NULL;
HASH_FIND_STR(rnode, regmap[reg], str);
if (!str) {
printf("Warning: recursive function %s dectect\n",
regmap[reg]);
if ((str = malloc(sizeof(RNODE))) == NULL) {
printf("malloc fail\n");
exit(-1);
}
strncpy_s(str->name, MAXSIZE-1, regmap[reg], MAXSIZE-1);
HASH_ADD_STR(rnode, name, str);
}
}
continue;
}
snprintf(key, MAXSIZE, "%s:0", regmap[reg]);
// Is node exist
HASH_FIND_STR(graph, key, s);
if (!s) {
// allocate a node
s = node_dup(NULL);
// function name
strncpy_s(s->name, MAXSIZE-1, regmap[reg], MAXSIZE-1);
snprintf(s->key, MAXSIZE, "%s:0", regmap[reg]);
// add node to hash
HASH_ADD_STR(graph, key, s);
if (VERBOSE > 1)
printf("add node %s\n", node->name);
}
s->parent = node;
list = node->list;
if (!list) {
if ((list = malloc(sizeof(LIST))) == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr, "malloc fail\n");
exit(-1);
}
node->list = list;
list->attr = stackoff;
list->next = NULL;
list->child = s;
if (VERBOSE > 1)
printf(" + add child %s\n", s->name);
} else {
int found = 0;
for(i=0; i<MAXCHILD && list->next != NULL; i++) {
if (!strcmp(s->name, list->child->name)) {
found = 1;
break;
}
list = list->next;
}
if (!strcmp(s->name, list->child->name)) {
found = 1;
}
if (!found) {
if ((ptr = malloc(sizeof(LIST))) == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr, "malloc fail\n");
exit(-1);
}
list->next = ptr;
ptr->attr = stackoff;
ptr->next = NULL;
ptr->child = s;
if (VERBOSE > 1)
printf(" + add child %s\n", s->name);
}
if (i == MAXCHILD) {
fprintf(stderr, "Error: out of range for MAXCHILD: %d\n", i);
exit(-1);
}
}
} else {
indirect++;
if (unknown == NULL) {
// allocate a node
unknown = node_dup(NULL);
// function name
strncpy_s(unknown->name, MAXSIZE-1, "__unknown__", MAXSIZE-1);
strncpy_s(unknown->key, MAXSIZE-1, "__unknown__:0", MAXSIZE-1);
unknown->unknown = 1;
// add node to hash
HASH_ADD_STR(graph, key, unknown);
if (VERBOSE > 1)
printf("add node %s\n", unknown->name);
}
unknown->parent = node;
list = node->list;
if (!list) {
if ((list = malloc(sizeof(LIST))) == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr, "malloc fail\n");
exit(-1);
}
node->list = list;
list->attr = stackoff;
list->next = NULL;
list->child = unknown;
if (VERBOSE > 1)
printf(" + add child %s\n", unknown->name);
} else {
int found = 0;
for(i=0; i<MAXCHILD && list->next != NULL; i++) {
if (!strcmp(unknown->name, list->child->name)) {
found = 1;
break;
}
list = list->next;
}
if (!strcmp(unknown->name, list->child->name)) {
found = 1;
}
if (!found) {
if ((ptr = malloc(sizeof(LIST))) == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr, "malloc fail\n");
exit(-1);
}
list->next = ptr;
ptr->attr = stackoff;
ptr->next = NULL;
ptr->child = unknown;
if (VERBOSE > 1)
printf(" + add child %s\n", unknown->name);
}
if (i == MAXCHILD) {
fprintf(stderr, "Error: out of range for MAXCHILD: %d\n", i);
exit(-1);
}
}
}
if (!MULTILINE) continue;
}
// get current PC
ovector = regex(re, match_data, (PCRE2_SPTR8)line, (PCRE2_SPTR8)
"^\\s*([0-9A-Fa-f]+):.+$");
if (ovector != NULL) {
getop(buf, line, ovector, 1);
sscanf(buf, "%x", &PC);
}
}
if (!node) {
fprintf(stderr, "!!Error!! can not create call graph\n");
fclose(fp);
exit(-1);
}
if (!node->stack_size) node->stack_size = stack;
if (!node->prog_size) node->prog_size = PC - node->pc;
pcre2_match_data_free(match_data); /* Release memory used for the match */
pcre2_code_free(re); /* data and the compiled pattern. */
fclose(fp);
return 0;
}
void mark_tree(NODE *node) {
NODE *n;
if (!node) return;
node->mark = 1;
n = node->parent;
while (n) {
n->mark = 1;