[EXPORTER] Support handling retry-able errors for OTLP/HTTP #11011

Job	Run time
Bazel asan config	21m 46s
Bazel without bzlmod	16m 24s
Bazel noexcept	17m 19s
Bazel nortti	17m 59s
Bazel on MacOS	17m 17s
Bazel	18m 24s
Bazel with async export	18m 44s
Bazel tsan config	23m 12s
Bazel valgrind	21m 31s
Benchmark	16m 13s
CMake test (with abseil)	5m 29s
CMake clang 18 (maintainer mode, abiv2)	10m 14s
CMake clang 18 (maintainer mode, async)	11m 2s
CMake clang 18 (maintainer mode, sync)	10m 6s
CMake do not install test (with otlp-exporter)	15m 21s
CMake gcc 14 (maintainer mode, async)	9m 8s
CMake gcc 14 (maintainer mode, sync)	9m 2s
CMake install test (with abseil)	4m 59s
CMake test (with modern protobuf,grpc and abseil)	17m 4s
CMake msvc (maintainer mode)	8m 28s
CMake msvc (maintainer mode) with C++20	9m 26s
CMake test (with opentracing-shim)	4m 32s
CMake test (build shared libraries with otlp-exporter and static gRPC)	15m 26s
CMake test (with otlp-exporter)	16m 12s
CMake test (without otlp-exporter)	5m 35s
CMake C++14 test(GCC)	4m 50s
CMake C++17 test(GCC)	5m 39s
CMake C++20 test(Clang with libc++)	9m 45s
CMake C++20 test(GCC)	9m 50s
CMake C++23 test(Clang with libc++)	9m 59s
CMake C++23 test(GCC)	9m 21s
CMake test (without otlp-exporter and with async export)	5m 30s
Code coverage	12m 19s
Copyright	7s
DocFX check	55s
Format	24s
markdown-lint	6s
misspell	6s
Plugin -> CMake	1m 19s
shellcheck	8s
W3C Distributed Tracing Validation V1	5m 19s
CMake -> exporter proto	13m 6s
Bazel Windows	40m 55s
Plugin -> CMake Windows	7m 44s
CMake (With async export) -> exporter proto	13m 31s
CMake -> exporter proto (Build as DLL)	23m 9s
	8h 34m 55s

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